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AUGUST 11, 2003
EDITORIALS

Overcoming NASDAQ's Crisis

Nothing symbolized the high-tech boom of the '90s more than NASDAQ, the stock market for startups and investors willing to bet on them. The crash of tech stocks is an oft-told tale, but it comes as a surprise that NASDAQ itself is in steep decline, with its future much in doubt. The timing could not be worse. Technology stocks are rebounding, the high-tech sector of the economy is turning around, and the initial public offering market will soon be heating up again as entrepreneurs seek capital to start new companies. Will NASDAQ be able to play its pivotal role once again? If not, can the New York Stock Exchange, regional exchanges, or the new electronic communications networks (ECNs) fill the void? Probably, in time, but time is of the essence. NASDAQ has put a proposal before the Securities & Exchange Commission to help its revival. It's a sensible proposition that deserves the commission's quick action. Adhering to a doctrinaire position may not be in investors' best interests.


NASDAQ's troubles stem from a '90s price-fixing scandal. In response, the SEC encouraged the growth of competing order-driven ECNs, which have since gone on to eat NASDAQ's lunch. To regain competitiveness, NASDAQ now wants to become a full-fledged stock exchange, like the NYSE, which would allow it to raise capital and perhaps buy an ECN.

The SEC is balking. All other U.S. stock exchanges follow "price-time priority" rules that allow customers who offer the best price for a stock to have their orders filled first. It wants NASDAQ to do the same. But at NASDAQ, dealers such as Charles Schwab & Co. and Knight Securities match buyers and sellers on their own books without allowing any other participants to interact. If these market-makers are forced into "price-time priority," they will simply flee to an ECN. NASDAQ is caught between its dealers and the SEC.

The SEC should show some flexibility on its 70-year-old statute on price-time priority. The commission took a step in that direction under former Chairman Arthur Levitt Jr., who ordered all stock exchanges and ECNs to post data about the execution of trades on the Web. This ruling was intended to show investors which market centers were doing the best job. NASDAQ argues that it has the data to prove that investors get high-quality execution, even though it doesn't follow "price-time priority" rules. The key issue before the SEC should be the desire to ensure that investors get the best possible trades regardless of the formal rules governing the trading institution. NASDAQ promoted entrepreneurialism back in the '90s. It deserves another chance to play that key role today.



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